[autismo-biologia] Stimolazione trancranica nei disturbi del neurosviluppo
daniela
daniela a autismo33.it
Mer 6 Feb 2019 11:43:03 CET
Aurelia Gargiulo incoraggia l’uso della stimolazione transcranica
nell’autismo, premettendo correttamente che questo tipo di intervento é
stato approvato dalla FDA solo per la depressione che non ha risposto ai
farmaci.
http://autismo33.it/pipermail/autismo-biologia/2019-February/003374.html
In letteratura sono comparse recentemente due rassegne sulla
stimolazione transcranica nei disturbi del neurosviluppo:
Autism. 2019 Jan 20:1362361318822502. doi: 10.1177/1362361318822502.
[Epub ahead of print]
Clinical effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
treatment in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders:
A systematic review.
Masuda F1,2, Nakajima S1, Miyazaki T1, Tarumi R1, Ogyu K1, Wada
M1, Tsugawa S1, Croarkin PE3, Mimura M1, Noda Y1.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30663323
No severe adverse effects were reported in these studies. In patients
with autism spectrum disorder, low-frequency repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta burst stimulation applied to
the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may have therapeutic effects on
social functioning and repetitive behaviors. In patients with attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder, low-frequency repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied
to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may target inattention,
hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In patients with tic disorders,
low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to
the bilateral supplementary motor area improved tic symptom severity.
This systematic review suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation may be a promising intervention for children and adolescents
with neurodevelopmental disorders. The results warrant further large
randomized controlled trials of repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Nov 19. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14104. [Epub ahead
of print]
Transcranial direct current stimulation in children with autism spectrum
disorder: a systematic scoping review.
Osório AAC1,2, Brunoni AR3,4,5,6.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30451290
Preliminary evidence is encouraging of the potential usefulness of tDCS
for treatment of ASD in children and adolescents. It suggests tentative
support for reductions in symptom severity and, according to parental
reports and clinical observations, improvements in some aspects of
language. However, the evidence is sparse and of low quality, so the
true effect of tDCS is likely to be substantially different from the
estimate of effect in this review. Therefore, future randomized
controlled trials are needed to draw conclusions regarding tDCS efficacy
in paediatric samples with ASD.
In conclusione allo stato attuale delle conoscenze i due tipi di
stimolazione transcranica (magnetica ed elettrica) sono considerati
trattamenti promettenti per alcuni sintomi dello spettro autistico, ma
devono essere applicati nell’ambito di sperimentazioni controllate
randomizzate di ampie dimensioni, se si vuole giungere a conclusioni
convincenti sulla loro efficacia e tollerabilitá.
Daniela Mariani Cerati
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