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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=IT link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Non ho trovato la fonte, ma un articolo qui <a href="https://www.galileonet.it/astrociti-comunicano/">https://www.galileonet.it/astrociti-comunicano/</a> e l’abstract dell’articolo <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adhm.201801139">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adhm.201801139</a>, che riporto sotto.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:200%'><span style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Si tratta quindi di un “sottosistema” o “network” cooperante con quello dei neuroni?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:11.25pt;background:white'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:19.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#414141'>Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.75pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0cm;background:white'><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>Organic bioelectronics have a huge potential to generate interfaces and devices for the study of brain functions and for the therapy of brain pathologies. In this context, increasing efforts are needed to develop technologies for monitoring and stimulation of nonexcitable brain cells, called astrocytes. Astroglial calcium signaling plays, indeed, a pivotal role in the physiology and pathophysiology of the brain. Here, the use of transparent organic cell stimulating and sensing transistor (O</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>CST) architecture, fabricated with <i>N</i>,<i>N′</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>ditridecylperylene</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>3,4,9,10</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>tetracarboxylic diimide (P13), to elicit and monitor intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca</span><sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>2+</span></sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>]</span><sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>i</span></sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>) in primary rat neocortical astrocytes is demonstrated. The transparency of O</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>CST allows performing calcium imaging experiments, showing that extracellular electrical stimulation of astrocytes induces a drastic increase in [Ca</span><sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>2+</span></sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>]</span><sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>i</span></sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>. Pharmacological studies indicate that transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily are critical mediators of the [Ca</span><sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>2+</span></sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>]</span><sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>i</span></sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'> increase. Experimental and computational analyses show that [Ca</span><sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>2+</span></sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>]</span><sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>i</span></sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'> response is enabled by the O</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>CST device architecture. Noteworthy, the extracellular field application induces a slight but significant increase in the cell volume. Collectively, it is shown that the O</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>CST is capable of selectively evoking astrocytes [Ca</span><sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>2+</span></sup><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>]</span><sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>i</span></sub><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>, paving the way to the development of organic bioelectronic devices as glial interfaces to excite and control physiology of non</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;color:#1C1D1E'>‐</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1C1D1E'>neuronal brain cells.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Da:</b> autismo-biologia <autismo-biologia-bounces@autismo33.it> <b>Per conto di </b>Fondazione Marino<br><b>Inviato:</b> domenica 3 marzo 2019 10:04<br><b>A:</b> autismo-biologia <autismo-biologia@autismo33.it><br><b>Oggetto:</b> [autismo-biologia] Astrociti<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Invito a leggere un articolo su "la lettura" di oggi a firma di Valentina Benfenati.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>In un certo senso rivoluziona la visione neuro centrica delle funzioni cerebrali.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Questi astrociti agiscono sulla memoria e sull'apprendimento e sono regolsti da "segnali di calcio " molto facilmente manipolabili.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Insomma, un altro tassello sulla conoscenza del cervello che ci potrà aiutare.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Buona lettura<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Giovanni Marino <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br /> <table style="border-top: 1px solid #D3D4DE;">
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